Libre Parole

''La Libre Parole'' or ''La Libre Parole illustrée'' ( French; ''Free Speech'') was a French antisemitic political newspaper founded in 1892 by journalist and polemicist Édouard Drumont.

History

Claiming to adhere to theses close to socialism, ''La Libre Parole'' is known for its denunciation of various scandals, including the Panama scandal, which owes its name to the publication of a file about it in Drumont's newspaper.

At the time of the Dreyfus affair, ''La Libre Parole'' enjoyed considerable success, becoming the principal organ for Parisian antisemitism. In the aftermath of major Hubert-Joseph Henry's suicide it sponsored a public subscription in favour of the widow in which the donors could express a wish. (A short sample: 0.5 francs "by a cook who would like to put the Jews in her ovens"; 5 francs "by a vicar who ardently wish to exterminate all Jews and Freemasons"; 1 franc "by a little vicar of Poitou who would be happy to sing with joy a Requiem for the last Jew left".) Drumont and his collaborators claimed a link between Jews and capitalism, which shaped the anti-capitalist views of ''La Libre Parole''.

Drumont left the management of the newspaper in 1898 when he made his entry in politics (elected as deputy of Algiers until 1902). Around 1908, wishing to sell ''La Libre Parole'' to Léon Daudet, Drumont tried to merge the newspaper with ''L'Action française'', but the project failed.

Beginning in 1910, the newspaper was published by ultraconservative Catholics and never regained the level of success it had enjoyed with the belligerent style of Drumont. Gaston Méry was one of its editors in chief. In January 1919, he published a statement by the Marquis de l'Estourbeillon in favour of the teaching of Breton in school.

Anti-Semitism in France declined during the 1920s, in part because the fact that so many Jews died fighting for France during World War I made it more difficult to accuse them of not being patriotic. ''La Libre Parole'', which had once sold 300,000 copies per issue, closed in 1924.

Legacy

The legacy of Drumont's daily newspaper was claimed by several ephemeral publications that reused the title ''La Libre Parole'' for nationalist and xenophobic organizations:

* ''La Libre parole'' (1^er no), later ''La Libre parole républicaine'' (Paris, 7 novembre 1926 – avril 1929).
* ''La Libre Parole de Paris'' (later Fontainebleau) (1928-1929 represents itself in 1929 as being the continuation of Drumont's daily newspaper;

1930–1940s : the ''Libre parole'' of Henry Coston

* ''La Libre parole'', "Monthly review", later "Anti-judeo-masonic review" (Brunoy later Paris, 1930–1936), edited by Henry Coston. In April 1935 it absorbed the biweekly '' Le Porc-épic'' (''The Porcupine'') and then appeared as ''La Libre parole et le Porc-épic''. In October 1937, it was replaced by '' Le Siècle nouveau'', a monthly magazine published by the National Office of Propaganda (Vichy). This ''Libre parole'' was published in parallel with the following:
* ''La Libre Parole'', "Independent nationalist body", monthly magazine (Paris, I-III, October 1930–1932), edited by Henry Coston. It also appeared in the same year under the name ''La Libre parole politique et sociale''.
**It later became ''La Libre parole populaire'', "Monthly publication continuing the work of Édouard Drumont" (Paris, I-II, 1933 – November 1934).
**It changed name again to ''Libres paroles'', "Journal de propagande nationaliste" (Paris, December 1934–1935).
**Yet another change to ''La Libre parole'' "Journal hebdomadaire" (Paris, September 1935 – April 1939). In 1938, Coston officially took over the volume numbers of Drumont's ''La Libre parole''.
* Algiers deputy candidate Coston renamed his newspaper to ''La Libre parole d'Alger'' (later ''Libre Parole nord-africaine d'Alger et du Nord de l'Afrique''), "Anti-jewish weekly of latin action" and sometimes ''La Parole enchaînée'' ( Alger, avril 1936 – février 1937 and a final issue in 1939). Henry Coston invoked, to justify the cessation of publication, the seizure of publications, leaflets, archives and documents in its offices.André Halimi, ''La délation sous l'occupation'', le cherche midi, p. 70-71
*In 1940, the authorities of Nazi occupied France did not permit the newspaper to reappear. Coston used the title as a publishing label to publish, starting in 1943, the '' Bulletin d'information anti-maçonnique'' (''Anti-masonic Information Bulletin''), and '' Bulletin d'information sur la question juive'' (''Information Bulletin on the Jewish Question'').

See also

* Panama scandals
* Dreyfus Affair
* Nationalism

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Libre parole
Dreyfus affair
French nationalism
Publications established in 1892
1892 establishments in France
Publications disestablished in 1924
Antisemitic publications
Antisemitism in France
Defunct newspapers published in France
1924 disestablishments in France